对于英语，我们需要把陌生的单词片语和句型语法不断的熟悉和熟练，使之成为我们的一种习惯，把它变成我们的第二天性。因此，重复重复再重复，熟练熟练再熟练，是学会英语的不二法门。下面是小编精心为大家整理的八年级上册英语语法整理通用7篇，如果能帮助到您，小编的一切努力都是值得的。
【重点短语】
1、 fewer people 更少的人（fewer修饰名词复数，表示否定）
2、 less free time 更少的空闲时间（less修饰不可数名词，表示否定）
3、 in ten years 10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时，提问用How soon)
4、 fall in love with„ 爱上„
例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once
当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他
5、 live alone 单独居住
6、 feel lonely 感到孤独（比较：live alone/go along等）
The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独
7、 keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪
8、 fly to the moon 飞上月球
9、 hundreds of +复数 数百/几百（概数，类似还有thousands of; millions of）
10、 the same as 和„„相同
11、 A be different from B A与B不同（=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B）
12、 wake up 醒来(wake sb. up表示 “唤醒某人”
13、 get bored 变得厌倦（get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等）
14、 go skating 去滑冰（类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等）
15、 lots of/a lot of 许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以）
16、 at the weekends 在周末
17、 study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习
18、 agree with sb. 同意某人（的意见）
19、 I don’t agree. = I disagree. 我不同意
20、 on a piece of paper 在一张纸上（注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词）
21、 on vacation 度假
22、 help sb with sth/help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事
23、 many different kinds of goldfish 许多不同种金鱼
24、 live in an apartment 住在公寓里/live on the twelfth floor 住在12楼
25、 live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路332号
26、 as a reporter 作为一名记者
27、 look smart 显得精神/看起来聪明
28、 Are you kidding? 你在骗我吗
29、 in the future 在将来/在未来
30、 no more=not „anymore 不再（强调多次发生的动作不再发生）I’ll go there no more.
31、 no longer=not„ any longer 不再（强调状态不再发生）
32、 besides（除„之外还，包括）与except „but（除„之外，不包括）
33、 be able to与can 能、会
34.be big and crowded 大而且拥挤
34、 be in college 在上大学
35、 live on a space station 住在空间站
36、 dress casually 穿得很随意casual clothing 休闲服饰
37、 win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯 win award 获僵
38、 come true 变成现实
39、 take hundreds of years 花几百年的时间
40、 be fun to watch 看起来有趣
41、 over and over again 一次又一次
42、 be in different shapes 形状不同
43、 twenty years from now 今后20年
连词
I. 要点
1、 连词的种类
(1) 并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。
(2) 从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。
除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句)，关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。
2、 常用连词举例
(1)and 和，并且
They drank and sang all night.
(2) both…and 和， 既…也…
Both my parents and I went there.
(3) but 但是，而
I'm sad, but he is happy.
(4) either…or 或…或…， 要么…要么…
Either you're wrong, or I am.
(5) for因为
I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.
(6) however 然而，可是
Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.
(7) neither…nor 既不…也不
Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.
(8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且…
He not only sings well, but also dances well.
(9) or 或者，否则
Hurry up, or you'll be late.
Are you a worker or a doctor?
(10) so 因此，所以
It's getting late, so I must go.
(11) although 虽然
Although it was late, they went on working.
(12) as soon as 一 …就
I'll tell him as soon as I see him.
(13) because 因为
He didn't go to school, because he was ill.
(14)unless 除非，如果不
I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.
(15)until 直到…
He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构)
He stayed there until eleven.
(16)while 当…时候，而 (表示对比)
While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)
My pen is red while his is blue.
(17)for 因为
He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的)
(18)since自从…
I have lived here since my uncle left.
(19)hardly… when 一… 就
I had hardly got to the station when the train left.
(20)as far as 就… 来说
As far as I know, that country is very small.
You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)
II. 例题
例1 John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
A as well B as well as C so well D so well as
解析：该题意为：John踢足球如果不比David好的话，那也踢得和David一样好。 和…一样好为as well as. 故该题正确答案为B。
例2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A when B where C which D while
解析：该处意为"然而"，只有while有此意思，故选D。
例3 Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?
A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise
解析：该处意为"或者"，正确答案为C。
Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
Grammar: 特殊疑问句：wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。
特殊疑问句的构成及用法：
1.结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句，即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语(+其他)
疑问代词：
1) Who:谁。做主语，用来指人 Who is the boy under the tree?
2)Whom 谁，做宾语，用来指人 Whom are you writing to?
3) Whose 谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词 Whose pen is this?
4) Which 哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择 Which girls will be in the sports meeting?
Which pen is Lily’s?
5)What什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下 What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now?
疑问副词：
1)When:何时，询问时间 When will she come back?
2)Where何地，询问地点， Where do you come from?
3)Why为什么，询问原因， Why are you late for school?
4)How 如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等
How do you usually go to school?
5)How old多大，询问年龄，How old is Jim’s little brother?
6)How many/much多少，询问数量
How many birds are there in the tree?
7)How far多远，询问距离，
How far is it form your home to school?
8)How long多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离
How long will you stay in Beijing?
9)How often多长时间按一次，询问频率
How often do you go to see your grandparents?
10How soon多久，询问时间 How soon will you come back?
频率副词：表示动作发生的频率，never, hardly ever,sometimes, often, usually, always.
Unit 2 What’s the matter with you?
Grammar:
1. 用have 来描述身体不适 have/have got a +疾病名字；得了……病
2.情态动词should,情态动词should,can, may, must没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
Grammar:现在进行时表将来 一般将来时
表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事要用到句型“be+doing”其中be是助动词，它有人称和单复数的变化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是现在进行时的形式，但用于表示将来。用进行时表将来，常用于表示即将来临的未来预定要做的事情，一般指个人计划要做的事。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词，如，go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。
一。肯定句中，结构为“be+doing.”
I am going shopping this afternoon.
二。否定句是在be之后加not. I’m not going to shopping this afternoon.
三。一般疑问句是将be置于句首 Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I’m not./ We aren’t.
四。特殊疑问句“疑问词+一般疑问句语序。”
What are you doing for vacation?
When is he going camping?
Who are you going there with?
Where is she going?
Unit 4 How do you get to school?
Grammar: How引导的特殊疑问句：是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等词开头的疑问句。
How does he get to shool?---- He takes the train to get to shool.
How long does it take to walk? ----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.
How far is it from your home to school? It’s four miles from my home to school.
How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.
How many storybooks do you have? I have five storybooks.
How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.
特殊疑问句的简略结构：how about…?+ 名词或动词-ing形式，用于提出建议、请求或征求意见、询问消息等。如：How about playing tennis?
乘坐交通工具的表达方式：by subway/train/bike..., on foot ...
I usually take the bus to school./I usually go to school by bus(on/in the bus).
My father sometimes rides his bike to work./My father sometimes goes to work by bike(on his bike).
My grandmother always walks to the supermarket./My grandmother always goes to the supermarket on foot.
Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
Grammar:情态动词can及邀请句式及其问答
一。情态动词can的用法：
Can 是最长用的情态动词，其后跟动词原形，can的否定形式为cannot，can’t.
1.can表“能力”，意思是：能，会 I can play basketball,but I can’t swim.
2.can表示能力时可和be able to 互换，be able to有更多的时态，常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来或完成的概念。E.g. They will be able to make a model spaceship in three months.
3.表示“可能性”，意思是：可以，可能。That big cinema can seat 5,000 people.
4.表示允许，意思是可以能够 You can have the book when I have finished it.
5.表示“惊讶、不相信等(用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中”。意思是“会、可能。”
This can’t be true. Can it be true?
二。如何发出、接受和谢绝别人的邀请
1.表达邀请的常用句型：
Can you come to…?
Could you come to…?
Would you like to come to…?
Do you want to come to…?
2.接受邀请的常用句型：
Sure. Certainly. Of course. OK. I’d love to.
3.谢绝邀请的常用句型：
I’m sorry, I can’t. but I have to…
I’m afraid I can’t. I have to…
I don’t think I can. I have to…/Im doing.....
Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
Grammar:形容词的比较级
一。规则变化、不规则变化(课本P93)
二。than 是比较级中最常见的标志词，意思是“比”。用于引出比较的对象。1.He draws better than me.2.You’re older than I am./ You are older than me.
三。形容词比较级前，有时可以用much,far, a little,a bit, even, three times等词来修饰。much 和far表示“……得多”,much better好得多，a little, a bit表示稍微，一些，一点。a little shorter, 稍微矮点；even表示“甚至，更加，还要……”even bigger还要大些，three times表示 “…三倍”，如three times bigger than 比……大三倍
Very绝不可以用来修饰比较级，very,so,too, quite 等修饰原级
Unit 7 How do you make banana milk shake?
Grammar:
可数名词与不可数名词
一。可数名词
英语中的物质名词大体上可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加a或an,表示一个，如a pear. 其复数形式要在词尾加-s,或-es(特殊情况除外)，如two bananas, three tomatoes， many apples，a few students
二。不可数名词
1.不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。不可数名词没有单复数之分，也不能在词前直接加冠词a 或an.表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的由量词构成的短语。如a bag of… 2.常见的量词短语有：
a piece of… a cup of… a teaspoon of… a bottle of…
3.不可数名词还可以用下面的词表示数量：much(much rain)，
a little (a little milk).
4.既可以修饰不可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词的词有：
Lots of= a lot of许多，大量 some一些(用于肯定句)any一些(用于否定句和一般疑问句)
Unit 8 How was your school trip?
Grammar:
一般过去时：指在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去意义的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last year(week,month…),two years ago, in 2006等。有时也可用when,after,before, as soon as引导的时间状语从句。该时态在句中的体现是谓语动词用过去式。谓语be动词→was/were 否定：wasn’t /weren’t
一。Be动词句型
一般疑问句：was/were +主语…
特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语
陈述句：主语+was/were+…(肯定句) 否定句：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+…
二。行为动词句型(当句中的动词为行为动词时，要借助动词did构成一般疑问句和否定句)
肯定式：主语+动词过去式
否定式：主语+didn’t+动词原形
一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形
特殊疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形
Unit 9 When was he born?
Grammar: 一般过去时的特殊疑问句
一般过去时的特殊疑问句的变法同一般现在时一样，不同之处在于须将be动词或助动词改为过去时态，即“特殊疑问词+were或was(第三人称单数)+主语+(表语)+其他成分”或“特殊疑问词+助动词did+主语+实义动词+其他成分。”
一、以when引导的特殊疑问句，对某人的出生年月进行提问，句型是：
When was/were …born? … was/were born in/on +时间
When was David beckham born? 大卫。贝克汉姆是什么时候出生的？He was born in 1975/in July 1975/on July 5,1975.
二。以how long 引导的特殊疑问句，对表示某一短时间的状语进行提问。句型是：
How long did + 主语+动词？
How long did Charles Smith hiccup? He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.
三。When did he start hiccupping? 他什么时候开始打嗝？When +did+主语+动词？
Unit 10 I’m going to be a basketball player.
Grammar:一般将来时
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。
1. be going to + 动词原形 What are you going to do next Sunday?
2. will/shall + 动词原形 I will go to my hometown next week.
3.be +v.ing The Greens are moving to another city the day after tomorrow.
4. be +动词不定式 You are to be back by 10 o’clock.
5. be + about + 动词不定式 The meeting is about to begin.
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?
Grammar:情态动词
情态动词，表示说话者对某一动作的看法和态度，包括可能、怀疑、允许、愿望、必要、猜测等。Can(能、会),may( 可以),must( 必须、一定)等。
情态动词的特点：(1)情态动词有一定词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和另一个动词原形一起构成谓语，且没有人称和数的变化。1. I can speak English. 2. She must be a teacher. 3. We may go home now.
(2)变否定句时，直接在情态动词后面加not,无需加助动词。He can’t play the guitar well.
He can’t answer the question. You mustn’t be late.
(3)含有情态动词的句子变一般疑问句时，须将情态动词提前。Can you help me? Must I go there at once?
(4)can 可表示能力、允许、可能性、怀疑猜测，意为“能，会，可以。”can’t, 意为“不能，不会，不可以。”，还有“不可能”之意。
--Can you drive? – Sorry, I can’t. It can’t be true.
(5)can 也可表示请求与邀请
Can you please sweep the floor?
Unit12 What’s the best radio station?
Grammar:形容词/副词的最高级，用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一群人或事物中，其中一个 “最……”见课本p93语法
1.the +最高级 She is the tallest of all her classmates.
2.the +序数词+最高级 He is the third tallest (student) in his class.
3.表示最高程度的形容词，excellent, extreme, prefect等没有最高级也不能用比较级。He is an excellent teacher.
4.形容词最高级间修饰做表语或介词并与的名词代词是，被修饰的词往往省略。
He is the youngest (boy) in his class.
5.Who/Which +be+最高级，A,B,or C? Which is the most useful, a bicycle, a motorcycle,or a car?
6.one of the +最高级+复数名词 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.
形容词和副词
I. 要点
A. 形容词
1、 形容词的用法
形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。如：
He is honest and hardworking.
I found the book interesting.
某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如：
The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.
The English like to be with their families.
多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序：
冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如： the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.
2、 形容词比较等级的形式
(1) 规则形式
一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级；其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如：
great-greater-greatest
busy-busier-busiest
important-more important-(the)most important
(2) 不规则形式
good (well)-better-best
bad (ill)-worse-worst
many (much)-more-most
little-less-least
(3) 形容词比较等级的用法
①表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级+than. 如：
He is cleverer than the other boys.
This one is more beautiful than that one.
②表示两者以上的比较，用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如：
He is the cleverest boy in his class.
③表示两者是同等程度，用"as +形容词原级+as". 如：
He is as tall as I.
I have as many books as you.
④ 越… 越…
例如：The more I learn, the happier I am.
⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好
又如：You can never praise the teacher too highly.
你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。
⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day.
那一天是最令我担心的一天。
I have never had a better dinner.
这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。
⑦ My English is no better than yours.
我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。
B.副词
1、 副词的种类
(1) 时间副词 如：ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等
(2) 地点副词 如：here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
(3) 方式副词 如：carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。
(4) 程度副词 如：almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。
2、 副词比较等级的用法
其用法与形容词相似，只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如：
Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.
We must work harder.
3、 某些副词在用法上的区别
(1) already, yet, still
already表示某事物已经发生，主要用于肯定句；yet表示期待某事发生，主要用于否定句和疑问句；still表示某事还在进行，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，有时也可用于否定句。如：
We've already watched that film.
I haven't finished my homework yet.
He still works until late every night.
(2) too, as well, also, either
too, as well和 also用于肯定句和疑问句，too和as well多用于口语，一般放在句末，而also多用于书面语，一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句，往往放在句末。如：He went there too.
He didn't go there either.
I like you as well.
I also went there.
(3) hard, hardly
hardly意为"几乎"与hard在词义上完全不同。如：
I work hard every day.
I can hardly remember that.
(4) late, lately
lately意为"最近、近来"，late意为"晚、迟"。如：
He never comes late.
Have you been to the museum lately?
例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____
A high enough B tall enough
C enough high C enough tall
解析：该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。
例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.
A When I take more medicine
B The more medicine I take
C Taking more of the medicine
D More medicine taken
解析：该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…"意为越…，越…。该句意为：吃的药越多，我的病越是加重。
例3"I haven't been to London yet".
"I haven't been there ____".
A too B also C either D neither
解析：该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定"两者都不"，而C-either则用于否定句中，意为"也"。
例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.
A deep B deeply C very deep D quite deeply
解析：该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时，修饰具体的深，如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词，如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词，不能互相修饰。
感叹句的类型：
⑴ What a∕an+adj+可数名词单数 （+主语+谓语）！
What +adj+可数名词复数∕不可数名词 （+主语+谓语）！
What a fine day （it is) ！多么好的天啊！ (day为可数名词单数）
What an interesting book it is ！多么有趣的一本书啊！（book为可数名词单数）
What beautiful flowers they are ！多么漂亮的花啊！ （flowers为可数名词复数）
What bad weather it is!多么糟糕的天气啊！（weather为不可数名词）
⑵ How +adj +主语+（谓语中的）系动词！ How +adv +主语+（谓语中的）实义动词！
How happy I am!我多麽高兴啊！ （happy为adj,am为系动词）
How hard they are working ！他们工作多么努力啊！（hard为adv,work为实义动词）
点拨：陈述句改为感叹句，可以采用“一判、二定、三移”。
一判：是判断出陈述句谓语动词后的中心词的词性(adj∕adv∕n)；
二定：是根据判断出来的结果来确定引导词（中心词为名词用What;中心词为形容词或副词用How;）
三移：就是把主语和谓语移到后面。
注意：在感叹句中，不得出现so,very，very much等表示程度的单词。
例如：①Our school is beautiful 。
一判：beautiful为形容词；二定：beautiful为形容词，用How 来引导；三移：把Our school is移到How beautiful后面，即为感叹句How beautiful our school is!
②He is a clever boy.
一判：boy为名词；二定：boy为名词，用What来引导；三移：把He is移到What a clever boy 后面，即为感叹句What a clever boy he is!
③He studies English well.
一判：well为副词；二定：well为副词，用How 来引导；三移：把He studies移到How well后面，即为感叹句How well he studies!
练习：将下列句子变为感叹句。①The room is very bright.
② We live a happy life today. ③It is a nice present.
④This is difficult problem. ⑤She played the piano wonderfully.
1.the （best) way to do sth:做某事的(）方法
2.thanks for+名词\V•ing:为什么而感谢
3.take a trip参加郊游，at the end of this month在本月底
4.go back to+地点：回到某地 He will go back to Beijing in 2 days.两天后他将回北京。
5.have a surprise party for sb为某人举办一个惊喜的晚会
6.without+名词\代词\ V•ing：没有… He can't finish the work without our help.（help为名词）
He went to school without having breakfast.他没有吃早饭就去上学。（have为动词）
7.look forward to +名词\代词\V.ing：期待，盼望
8.hear from sb.收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb.
9.the opening of… ：开幕/开业
10、在具体哪一天的上午、下午、晚上用on,比较：
in the morning在早晨 on Sunday morning在星期天的早晨
11.invite sb to +地点:邀请某人去某地（invite -- invitation ） invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
to sth / sb：回答某事/回答某人 go shopping 购物，do homework做家庭作业
Grammar:特殊疑问句：wh-questions:what,who,where,when,（）which,whose,why,whom等。
特殊疑问句的构成及用法：
1、结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语（+其他）
疑问代词：
1)Who:谁。做主语，用来指人Whoistheboyunderthetree?
2)Whom谁，做宾语，用来指人Whomareyouwritingto?
3)Whose谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词Whosepenisthis?
4)Which哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择Whichgirlswillbeinthesportsmeeting?
WhichpenisLily’s?
5)What什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?Whatareyoudoingnow?
疑问副词：
1)When:何时，询问时间Whenwillshecomeback?
2)Where何地，询问地点，Wheredoyoucomefrom?
3)Why为什么，询问原因，Whyareyoulateforschool?
4)How如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等
Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?
5)Howold多大，询问年龄，HowoldisJim’slittlebrother?
6)Howmany/much多少，询问数量
Howmanybirdsarethereinthetree?
7)Howfar多远，询问距离，
Howfarisitformyourhometoschool?
8)Howlong多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离
HowlongwillyoustayinBeijing?
9)Howoften多长时间按一次，询问频率
Howoftendoyougotoseeyourgrandparents?
10Howsoon多久，询问时间Howsoonwillyoucomeback?
频率副词：表示动作发生的频率，never,hardlyever,sometimes,often,usually,always.
介词
I. 要点
1、介词和种类
(1) 简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
(2) 复合介词，如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。
2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系
(1) 和动词的搭配，如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。
(2) 和形容词的搭配，如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at
(3) 和名词的搭配，如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等。
3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如：
He came right after dinner.
He lives directly opposite the school.
4、 某些介词的意义与用法举例
(1) at, on, in(表时间)
表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。
指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。
指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。
(2) between, among(表位置)
between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between, 如
I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.
The village lies between three hills.
among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：
He is the best among the students.
(3) beside, besides
beside意为"在…旁边"，而besides意为"除…之外"。如：
He sat beside me.
What do you want besides this?
(4)in the tree, on the tree
in the tree 指动物或人在树上，而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上
(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way
on the way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道
by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法
(6)in the corner, at the corner
in the corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外
(7)in the morning, on the morning
in the morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨
(8)by bus, on the bus
by bus 是一般说法 on the bus 特指乘某一辆车
II. 例题
例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?
A except B but C beside D besides
解析：A、B两项except等于but，意为"除了…"，C-beside意为"在…旁边"，不符合题意。而D-besides, 意为"除了…之外，还有"。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？
例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.
A on B at C in D during
解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。
例3 I'm looking forward ____your letter.
A to B in C at D on
解析：该题正确答案为A。look forward to 为固定搭配，意为"期望、盼望"。