北固山位于江苏镇江，由于北临长江，形势险固，故名北固，高55.2 [1] 米，长约200米。山壁陡峭，形势险固，南朝梁武帝曾题书”天下第一江山”来赞其形胜。甘露寺，雄居山巅，建于东吴甘露年间，有许多有关三国时代吴国的传说和遗迹。游人至此，不由要以刘备招亲的故事为线索去寻找有关胜迹和传说。北固山与金山、焦山成犄角之势，三山鼎立，在控楚负吴方面北固山更显出雄壮险要。明代郡守为了抗倭守城，将前峰与中峰凿断。
北固山由前峰 、中峰和后峰三部分组成，主峰即后峰，是风景最佳处。前峰原为东吴古宫殿遗址，现已辟为镇江烈士陵园;中峰上原有气象楼，现改为国画馆;后峰为北固山主峰，北临扬子江(长江)，三面悬崖，地势险峻，山上到处都是树木，名胜古迹多在其上。素以“天下第一江山”闻名于世。后峰是北固山的主峰，背临长江，枕于水上，峭壁如削，是风景最佳的地方。
从北固山中峰南麓登山，过气象台，沿山脊北行至清晖亭。亭东有一座铁塔，此塔系唐卫公李德裕于宝历元年(820xx年)所建，故又名卫公塔。原为石塔，后毁。北宋元丰元年(1078年)，改建 成九级铁塔，平面，八角形。明代重修改为七级，高约13米。后经海啸、雷击、战火等劫难，至1949年仅存塔座两层。现经修整为四层，约8米高，塔基及一、二层为宋代原物，三、四层为原塔的五、六层，系明代所铸。现存的塔基及塔身均有精美图案，造型别致，生动逼真。
多景楼之东的凌云亭，又称祭江亭，传说刘夫人孙尚香在听到刘备去世的消息后，曾在此遥祭，而后投江自尽。南宋爱国词人辛弃疾登此亭时，触景生情，感慨系之，写下了名篇：“何处望神州,满眼风光北固楼。千古兴亡多少事,悠悠。不尽长江滚滚流。 年少万兜鍪,坐断东南战未休。天下英雄谁敌手,曹刘。生子当如孙仲谋。”
在这个冬尽春来的季节，我又一次踏上楚吴往返的路上，现在正是黄昏，我的船只驶在江东之上。我惬意的站了起来望着我已走过数次的美景之地。一抹夕阳染红了稀云，江上倒映着江苏镇江北固山的美景，徐徐微风掠过湖面，漾起层层微波。我告诉船家，把船只停泊与此，次日再走。船家照做。
我又坐了回去，握着酒杯，欣赏这环绕且看不够的委婉夜色。我不知是何时睡着的，可能我早已沉醉于美景之中了吧……
清晨，我被船家摇橹的声音吵醒，睡眼朦胧地望了望被薄雾笼罩着东升的旭日，江面上一层淡雾使远处的青山忽隐忽现，“山好似那样的遥远呵!”我不禁感叹!真的，现在甚至看不清那本有的青黑色，而我路途终点可能还在山那边的那边。山的倒影拉的好长好长，这叶小舟静悄悄地在翠绿色的江面上行驶，好像生怕把什么惊醒一样。朝阳映照着湖面，一切都成了火红色。这景色变得太快太快，来不及让人回味，就又映出下一幕了水里的鱼儿也好奇地把头露了出来，想瞧个明白……
潮水正在慢慢上涨，使原平坦的江面显得更加辽阔……哎，现在江水之上，只独有我这一叶孤舟。我踱步来到了船头，江水正在匀速地拍打着船身。看着这宽广的江面，望着那映红的天空，在心头有一种海阔凭鱼跃，天高任鸟飞之感。微风吹来，船帆满起。小舟奋力向前驶去。耳旁鸟、虫的鸣叫时高时低，时缓时急。平躺下来尽情享受大自然带给我的一切……
就这样又一次度过一夜……
江上夜晚很冷，而且又是旧冬新春的夜晚，我被冻醒了，回到船舱取来了棉被，仰卧在船头，抬头望，在冷凄的黑色夜空，挂着一轮不完整的弯月。这轮弯月使我既熟悉又有些陌生，我记得在去年这个时候，这轮不完整的弯月好像也是陪我走过另一条水路，它比去年更显凄凉，?这种感觉很怪，总是感觉我和月亮是一家人，呵呵!!
就这样我夹杂着各种各样复杂的情绪度过寒冷的一夜，又一次，迎来了黎明的曙光但月亮仍还在天空挂了半边。昨晚的一切都显现在眼前。再看看那初生的太阳，心中不禁感到悲凉的黑暗过后便是温暖的黎明，一种希望之感在心中油然而生。突然想起新年将至，想起家中老母、妻儿，想起家中黄牛、黑狗，想起往年此时已全家团圆、互敬祝福，那美满温馨的画面……哎……
现在自己孤身在外，不能与亲人团聚，心中不免有些悲伤，但一想到自己正为国家而奔波、忙碌，悲伤之感也就渐渐淡下。我在船上执笔写了一封家书。到现在为止家书我已写了好几封了，只是不知现在怎样寄回给家乡。大雁正好北归，我把书信中的点点情感寄托在大雁身上，希望大雁能把我这种情感寄回去……我在寄不出去的家书后面又着墨填了一笔“儿远行在外，望母勿恐儿不归。大雁南飞家在北，儿我远行不久归。”……
我含着泪，船家握着橹，向着遥远的国都靠拢。我突然将我内心酝酿很久的小诗诵了出来“客路青山外，行舟绿水前。潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬。海日生残夜，江春入旧年。乡书何处达，归雁洛阳边。”
在这个冬尽春来的季节，我又一次踏上楚吴往返的路上，现在正是黄昏，我的船只驶在江东之上。我惬意的站了起来望着我已走过数次的美景之地。一抹夕阳染红了稀云，江上倒映着江苏镇江北固山的美景，徐徐微风掠过湖面，漾起层层微波。我告诉船家，把船只停泊与此，次日再走。船家照做。
我又坐了回去，握着酒杯，欣赏这环绕且看不够的委婉夜色。我不知是何时睡着的，可能我早已沉醉于美景之中了吧……
清晨，我被船家摇橹的声音吵醒，睡眼朦胧地望了望被薄雾笼罩着东升的旭日，江面上一层淡雾使远处的青山忽隐忽现，“山好似那样的遥远呵!”我不禁感叹!真的，现在甚至看不清那本有的青黑色，而我路途终点可能还在山那边的那边。山的倒影拉的好长好长，这叶小舟静悄悄地在翠绿色的江面上行驶，好像生怕把什么惊醒一样。朝阳映照着湖面，一切都成了火红色。这景色变得太快太快，来不及让人回味，就又映出下一幕了水里的鱼儿也好奇地把头露了出来，想瞧个明白……
潮水正在慢慢上涨，使原平坦的江面显得更加辽阔……哎，现在江水之上，只独有我这一叶孤舟。我踱步来到了船头，江水正在匀速地拍打着船身。看着这宽广的江面，望着那映红的天空，在心头有一种海阔凭鱼跃，天高任鸟飞之感。微风吹来，船帆满起。小舟奋力向前驶去。耳旁鸟、虫的鸣叫时高时低，时缓时急。平躺下来尽情享受大自然带给我的一切……
就这样又一次度过一夜……
江上夜晚很冷，而且又是旧冬新春的夜晚，我被冻醒了，回到船舱取来了棉被，仰卧在船头，抬头望，在冷凄的黑色夜空，挂着一轮不完整的弯月。这轮弯月使我既熟悉又有些陌生，我记得在去年这个时候，这轮不完整的弯月好像也是陪我走过另一条水路，它比去年更显凄凉，?这种感觉很怪，总是感觉我和月亮是一家人，呵呵!!
就这样我夹杂着各种各样复杂的情绪度过寒冷的一夜，又一次，迎来了黎明的曙光但月亮仍还在天空挂了半边。昨晚的一切都显现在眼前。再看看那初生的太阳，心中不禁感到悲凉的黑暗过后便是温暖的黎明，一种希望之感在心中油然而生。突然想起新年将至，想起家中老母、妻儿，想起家中黄牛、黑狗，想起往年此时已全家团圆、互敬祝福，那美满温馨的画面……哎……
现在自己孤身在外，不能与亲人团聚，心中不免有些悲伤，但一想到自己正为国家而奔波、忙碌，悲伤之感也就渐渐淡下。我在船上执笔写了一封家书。到现在为止家书我已写了好几封了，只是不知现在怎样寄回给家乡。大雁正好北归，我把书信中的点点情感寄托在大雁身上，希望大雁能把我这种情感寄回去……我在寄不出去的家书后面又着墨填了一笔“儿远行在外，望母勿恐儿不归。大雁南飞家在北，儿我远行不久归。”……
我含着泪，船家握着橹，向着遥远的国都靠拢。我突然将我内心酝酿很久的小诗诵了出来“客路青山外，行舟绿水前。潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬。海日生残夜，江春入旧年。乡书何处达，归雁洛阳边。”
各位游客：在游览了金山、焦山之后，下面我们将去“京口三山”之一的北固山。北固山位于镇江市东北江滨，居金山和焦山之间。高约53米，长2公里，北临长江，山壁陡峭，形势险因，因名“北固”，向以“天下江山”而著称于世。因山上甘露寺等寺庙院落都集中在北固山顶峰，所以北固山又有“寺冠山”之说。
北固山由前峰、中峰、后峰三部分组成，后峰是北固山的主峰，背临长江，峭壁如削，为风景之所。山上古迹大多与甘露寺“刘备招亲”有关。新中国成立后，中峰、后峰辟为后甘露寺公园，1986年更名为北固山公园。北固山风光壮丽，景色宜人，历代诗人墨客，如李白、苏武、米布、陆游、辛弃疾等都在此留下了千古传诵的名篇。
【凤凰池—试剑石】
各位游客：现在我们来到了北固山公园的大门。进入大门，我们在左侧看到的这一汪池水，叫做“凤凰他”，传说明太祖朱元璋曾临池召选儒生。古时他水经甘露港通江。池中的那座亭名叫“凤凰亭”。
在凤凰池右边，有一块平直一分为二的巨石，这就是“试剑石”，又名“恨石”。石为两块，高的一块约1.5米，矮的一块减半，中间都有裂缝，平整如削。石上“试剑石”3字清晰可辨。
说起试剑石，还有这么一段故事：相传孙刘联姻，弄假成真。有一天，孙权和刘备同游凤凰池，刘备见池边有一块巨石，即拨下随从身上的佩剑，仰天暗自默祷：“我若能顺利返回荆州，成霸主之业，剑下石裂;着死于此地，剁石不开。”手起剑落，只见火花飞溅，巨石应声而裂。孙权见此即问刘备：“你为何恨这块石头?”刘备假意地回答说：“我年近五十，不能为国清除贼党，心中异常愤慨。现蒙国太招我为婿，是我一生幸事。我向天门卦，如能破曹兴汉，就劈开这块石头，现果真如愿。”这时孙权暗想，“刘备莫非用此话来蒙骗我的?”也将宝剑拔出对刘备说：“我也来问问天意，如能彼得曹操，也将石头劈开。”暗中祈祷：“如能再取荆州，兴旺东吴，石头也裂为两半。”随即挥剑劈开另一块石头。两人暗暗自喜，于是就这样留下了两块试剑石。
其实，试剑石的形成来源于地质的演变：距今约一亿多年前的白垩纪时代，因火山爆发岩浆喷溢出地表而形成了火山岩，由于其质地坚硬，且多裂缝，再经风化剥蚀成为现今的形状，这些石头并非什么钢刀利剑能劈开。
【铁塔—阿倍仲麻吕诗碑】
各位游客：大家随我上山，在风景秀丽的北固山后峰东南，清晖亭旁，我们看到一座四层铁塔。铁塔又名“卫公塔”，是北固山的重要文物。它是我国仅存的六座铁塔之一，也是江苏省境内惟一的铁塔，为省级文物保护单位。
铁塔始建于唐朝定历元年(820xx年)，是唐代润州刺史李德裕为“资穆皇(唐穆宗)之冥福”所建。后屡毁屡建，现塔为四层，一二层是宋代制品，三四层系明代所铸。现存的塔基(即莲花座)和塔身均有精美的图案，如云水纹、莲瓣双雀、游龙戏珠、佛像等，造型精美，生动逼真。铁塔为北固山增添了庄严瑰丽的色彩，显示了我国古代劳动人民冶铁技艺的高超。
各位从铁塔拾级向西走，前方有块《望月望乡》诗碑，碑上诗文系日本使臣阿倍仲麻吕(汉名晁衡)所作。他生于698年，卒于770年，自幼聪明好学，于720xx年被选为遣唐留学生，次年在日本第九次遣唐使多治比县守的率领下从大阪出发来华。晁衡在中国长安进唐太学读书，后考中进士，与唐代著名诗人王维、李白等交谊甚深。唐太宗对他的才华非常器重，先后任命他为唐王朝秘书监卫财卿、镇南都护等职。753年晁衡受命为唐使，与鉴真大师及日本使臣东渡，途中船泊扬子江畔，夜晚月光皎洁，晁衡思绪万千，想到36年未回故乡，欣然命笔，写下了著名五言诗《望月望乡》，诗中写道：“翘首望东天，神驰奈良边。三笠山顶上，想又皎月圆。”
晁行汉学造诣很深。他的《望月望乡》诗已收入《全唐诗》，在日本家喻户晓，广为传唱。此碑是1990年底建成的。诗碑上的日文碑文由日本书道院院长田中冻云执笔，中文碑文由中国书法家协会代主席沈鹏所书，著名书法家赵朴初为诗碑题写了碑额。
【“南徐净域”题额—“天下江山”石刻—古甘露寺】
由《望月望乡》碑西行不远，大家在一座圆拱门上看到了“南徐净域”题额。或许有的游客会问：此地为何称作“南徐净域”?相传西晋末年，北方混乱，东晋偏安江南，建都于建业(今南京)。当时北方人士纷纷南下，东晋为此设置了徐州，州治即在京口(今镇江)。至刘宋时，正式定名为南徐州，以后“南徐”一直为镇江的别名。
大家转过身，看看后面的廊壁上，一块长方形条石上刻着雄浑有力的“天下江山”六个大字，气魄非凡。相传在三国时，刘备来东吴招亲，孙权宴罢陪刘备观赏江景，刘备见北固山雄峙江滨，大江东去，一望无际，气势雄伟，不禁赞道：“北固山真乃天下江山!”后来南北朝时，梁武帝登北团山时，见北固山景色极为壮观，兴致勃勃地挥笔书写了一天下江山”六个大字，留在山上，可惜已无从寻找。到了南宋，润州(镇江)刺史、著名书法家吴据将这六个字重新书写出来。清康熙年间，由镇江府通判程康庄临摹勒石。从此，北固山就名正言顺地有了“天下江山”之称。
穿过“南徐净域”的门洞，我们就到达了建在北固山北峰之巅的甘露寺。甘露寺始建于东吴甘露年间(265—266年)，故名“甘露寺”。寺额为张飞的亲笔。现在山上的甘露寺，是在唐代宝历年间由润州刺史李德裕所建，他为了纪念镇江曾作过东吴都城，使人们永远不会忘记三国鼎立的史实，故将三国时刘孙联盟的史迹、孙刘联姻的传说及遗物移上山来，从此，北固山便成为我国著名的历史胜境了。至今京剧中《甘露寺》(又名《龙凤呈祥》)这一传统剧目，已深入民间。因此，凡是来镇江的游客，都要到此一游，登北固山，访甘露寺，看看刘备结婚的大殿，联想孙尚香出嫁的往事，耐人寻味。
古甘露寺规模宏大，宋代有僧侣500多人。明、清是全盛时期，寺宇、殿堂、僧屋计有200多问。康熙、乾隆二帝曾在此建有行宫。甘露寺又是中国古代著名的古刹之一，其建筑特点与金山、焦山不同，采用了“以寺镇山”的手法，故有飞阁凌空之势，形成了“夺冠山”的特色。
【祭江亭】
我们穿过甘露寺，向西，就看到一座石柱方亭，就是祭江亭，古称北固亭，还有凌云亭、摩云亭、临江亭、江山亭、天下亭等名称。
凌云亭和摩云亭是因为该亭位于北固山的点，上接蓝天而得名。由于此亭建造在北固山的面江石壁之巅，故又名“临江亭”。相传三国时孙刘联姻后，夫人孙氏随刘备去荆州，又被孙权骗归强行留住江东。孙刘联盟破裂，彝陵大战，刘备兵败，夫人孙氏听到讹传刘备病死在白帝城，悲痛欲绝，便登上此亭，设奠望西遥祭后投江自尽，故此亭又名“祭江亭”。而“江山亭”相传是康有为在星夜登亭看到北固山的胜境后题写的。
此亭始建于明末崇祯年间，石柱上刻有槛联两副：“客心洗流水，荡胸生层云”;“此身不觉出飞鸟，垂手还堪钓巨鳌”。亭外有围墙、廊路，内设石桌、石凳。亭下石壁悬江，登亭放目，四周的水色山光尽收眼底，月夜景色更加迷人。南宋爱国词人辛弃疾登北固亭，见万里长江滚滚东去，即兴抒怀，借古讽今，谴责南宋统治者的昏庸苟安，不图收复中原失地，写下了对国家前途寄予殷切希望的《南乡子·登京口北固亭有怀》及《永遇乐·京回北固亭怀古》等流传千古的佳作。
【多景楼—狠石—溜马涧】
沿着祭江亭往前走，在甘露寺的背后，我们看到一座画梁飞檐楼阁，名叫“多景楼”。古名“北固楼”，又称“春秋楼”、“相婿楼”、“梳妆楼”。是古代“万里长江三大名楼”之一，与洞庭湖畔的“岳阳楼”、武汉市的“黄鹤楼”齐名。把它叫作“相婿楼”和“梳妆楼”，与刘备东吴招亲这个传说有关。据说刘备借得东吴的荆州后，没有归还之意，周瑜便定下了美人计，企图乘刘备过江之机，把刘备扣留起来作为人质，以夺取荆州。可是这一阴谋，却被足智多谋的诸葛亮所识破，就将计就计，派大将赵子龙陪刘备过江到镇江北固山甘露寺招亲，并授以锦囊妙计，策动乔国老来促使权母吴国大到甘露寺多景楼相婿。吴国太一见刘备“方面大耳，猿臂过膝”，“一副天子相”，甚合心意，大为喜悦，当即答应将女儿孙尚香嫁给刘备。当日郡主孙尚香在楼上布置洞房，梳妆打扮，楼下列刀排枪保卫刘备。刘备一见胆战心惊，孙尚香见此情景，只好下令撤了刀枪，刘备才敢上楼进入洞房。以后，人们就把多景楼叫做“相婚楼”，或叫“梳妆楼”。这样，孙刘联姻便弄假成真，这便是民间流传很广的“周郎妙计安天下，赔了夫人又折兵”的故事。
其实，刘备招亲在多景楼与孙尚香相会是后人根据《三国演义》的故事添加上去的。多景楼创建于唐代，楼名取自李德裕《临江亭》“多景悬窗精”的诗句。多景楼为两层建筑，回廊四通，面面皆景。登上多景楼凭栏远眺，山光水色，奇景多姿，真有凌空飞翔之感。东面滔滔江流，一泻千里，青翠的焦山在万顷碧波之中缥缈;西边千峰万岭，山峦重叠，与碧空融为一体;近处的金山，由于背景鲜明，益发显得清丽;江对岸扬州的文峰塔隐约可见。当年陈毅元帅登临多景楼时曾感慨地说：“不要看画了，这里就是万里长江画卷!”
沿着多景楼下山向西，我们可以看到一块形似伏羊，大小与真羊相仿，无角的石头，左侧腹部刻有“狠石”二字，狠石又名“石羊”。相传孙权曾骑在狠石背上和刘备共商破曹大计，定下了赤壁之战的妙计。而现在我们见到的狠石，是清光绪十六年(1890年)，从镇江市碌碌巷(今绿竹巷)南荒场路口移来，经石匠加工雕制而成的一只无角伏羊。
由根石下山，山下石壁上刻着红色“溜马涧”三个大字。溜马涧位于北固山后峰后测的峭壁上，两面云崖夹峙，中通一线小径，地形非常险峻，又名“走马涧”、“跑马坡”、“跑马坡”。相传这里是孙权与刘备在此赛马比能争胜的地方。据说，一天刘备与孙权在甘露寺中饮酒，只见江风浩荡，白浪滔天，波峰上有一只小船，舟人驾驶自如，如登平地，刘备不禁赞叹道：“南人善驾舟，北人善骑马，信之有也。”孙权听了此话自思道：“刘备莫非是嘲笑我不会骑马?”就命左右牵过马来，飞身上马，驰骋下山，又加鞭回到岭上来，对刘备说：“难道南人真不会骑马?”刘备听了便敞衣上马，飞奔下山，又回上山来。两个人将马停在山坡上，扬鞭大笑。后人就将此称为“溜马涧”、“走马涧”、“驻马坡”。在其悬崖石壁上有明代所刻“勒马”二字。
各位游客：北固山的主要景观我们都已欣赏到了，回顾我们刚才走过的景点，这里的寺庙、楼阁、山石、草木仿佛都凝聚了历史的瞬间。往事成过去，青山依旧在，但愿北固山的游览能让您得到历史的启迪，美好的观感!
北固山位于江苏镇江，由于北临长江，形势险固，故名北固，高55.2米，长约200米。山壁陡峭，形势险固，南朝梁武帝曾题书”天下第一江山”来赞其形胜。甘露寺，雄居山巅，建于东吴甘露年间，有许多有关三国时代吴国的传说和遗迹。游人至此，不由要以刘备招亲的故事为线索去寻找有关胜迹和传说。北固山与金山、焦山成犄角之势，三山鼎立，在控楚负吴方面北固山更显出雄壮险要。明代郡守为了抗倭守城，将前峰与中峰凿断。
北固山由前峰、中峰和后峰三部分组成，主峰即后峰，是风景最佳处。前峰原为东吴古宫殿遗址，现已辟为镇江烈士陵园；中峰上原有气象楼，现改为国画馆；后峰为北固山主峰，北临扬子江（长江），三面悬崖，地势险峻，山上到处都是树木，名胜古迹多在其上。素以“天下第一江山”闻名于世。后峰是北固山的主峰，背临长江，枕于水上，峭壁如削，是风景最佳的地方。登上山顶，东看焦山，西望金山，隔江相望，扬州平山堂清晰可见，确使人感到“金焦两山小，吴楚一江分。”过去曾有一名人作打油诗一首：“长江好似砚池波，提起金焦当墨磨，铁塔一支堪作笔，青天够写几行多”，以此赞美北固山的壮丽景色。
从北固山中峰南麓登山，过气象台，沿山脊北行至清晖亭。亭东有一座铁塔，此塔系唐卫公李德裕于宝历元年（825年）所建，故又名卫公塔。原为石塔，后毁。北宋元丰元年（1078年），改建成九级铁塔，平面，八角形。明代重修改为七级，高约13米。后经海啸、雷击、战火等劫难，至1949年仅存塔座两层。现经修整为四层，约8米高，塔基及一、二层为宋代原物，三、四层为原塔的五、六层，系明代所铸。现存的塔基及塔身均有精美图案，造型别致，生动逼真。
自清晖亭往北，在甘露寺东侧山坡的墙壁上，嵌有一块条石，上镌“天下第一江山”六个大字，相传为梁武帝所书。条石对面通往甘露寺的拱门上，镌有“南徐净域”题额。东晋时改镇江为徐州，故名“南徐”。
穿过拱门，即抵北峰之巅的甘露寺。相传这里是刘备招亲之处，京剧《龙凤呈祥》即以此为背景。其实古甘露寺建于梁代，原在山下，至唐李德裕始改建于山上。寺内有大殿、老君殿、观音殿和江声阁等建筑，形成了“寺冠山”的特色。据说明清时为其全盛时期，康熙、乾隆二帝曾在此建过行宫，留有御碑，是我国古代著名的古刹之一。传为孙、刘并肩赛马的“溜马涧”。甘露寺后面的多景楼，是北固山风景的最佳处。此楼二层，面对大江，楼名取自唐李德裕诗句“多景悬窗牖”，为古代长江三大名楼之一；与黄鹤楼、岳阳楼齐名。
米芾所书“天下江山第一楼”的匾额，高悬在楼额之上。宋元以来，历代文人名士，达官显贵，在此诗酒唱和，欧阳修、苏轼、米芾、辛弃疾和陆游等，都曾留下许多著名的诗作。登上多景楼，凭栏远眺，山光水色，奇景异姿，尽入眼帘。
多景楼之东的凌云亭，又称祭江亭，传说刘夫人孙尚香在听到刘备去世的消息后，曾在此遥祭，而后投江自尽。南宋爱国词人辛弃疾登此亭时，触景生情，感慨系之，写下了名篇：“何处望神州，满眼风光北固楼。千古兴亡多少事，悠悠。不尽长江滚滚流。年少万兜鍪，坐断东南战未休。天下英雄谁敌手，曹刘。生子当如孙仲谋。”
由于刘备招亲的种种传说，今天的北固山已成为到镇江旅游的朋友们不可不到的一个热门景点。
Beigu mountain is located in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province. It is close tothe Yangtze River in the north, so it is named Beigu. It is 55.2 meters high and200 meters long. The mountain is steep, and the situation is dangerous andsolid. Emperor Liang Wu of the Southern Dynasty once wrote a book to praise itsvictory. Ganlu temple, located on the top of the mountain, was built in theGanlu period of the eastern Wu Dynasty. There are many legends and relics aboutthe Wu state in the Three Kingdoms period. At this point, visitors can't helplooking for the famous places and legends with the story of Liu Bei'srecruitment as a clue. Beigu mountain, Jinshan mountain and Jiaoshan mountainhave become horns. The three mountains stand in the balance. Beigu mountain ismore majestic and dangerous in controlling Chu and Wu. In order to resist theJapanese garrison, the prefects of Ming Dynasty cut off the front peak and themiddle peak.
Beigu mountain is composed of front peak, middle peak and back peak. Themain peak is back peak, which is the best scenic spot. The former Qianfeng isthe site of the ancient palaces of the eastern Wu Dynasty, which has been turnedinto Zhenjiang martyrs' cemetery; the former meteorological building onZhongfeng is now changed into a traditional Chinese painting Museum; the latteris the main peak of Beigu mountain, facing the Yangtze River (Yangtze River) inthe north, with three cliffs and steep terrain. The mountain is full of treesand many places of interest are on it. Known as "the best River and mountain inthe world". Houfeng is the main peak of Beigu mountain, facing the Yangtze Riverand lying on the water. It is the best place for scenery.
From the southern foot of the middle peak of Beigu mountain, climb themountain, pass the weather station, and go northward along the ridge to QinghuiPavilion. There is an iron tower in the east of the pavilion, which was built byLi Deyu, the Duke of Wei of Tang Dynasty, in the first year of Baoli (825). Itwas originally a stone tower, but later it was destroyed. In the first year ofYuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1078), it was rebuilt into a nine leveliron tower with a plane and octagonal shape. In the Ming Dynasty, it was rebuiltto seven levels, about 13 meters high. After the tsunami, lightning, war andother disasters, only two floors of the tower remained in 1949. Now it has beenrenovated into four floors, about 8 meters high. The tower base and the firstand second floors are the original objects of the Song Dynasty. The third andfourth floors are the fifth and sixth floors of the original tower, which werecast in the Ming Dynasty. The existing tower base and body have exquisitepatterns, unique shape, vivid.
In the east of duojinglou, lingyunting is also called Jijiang Pavilion. Itis said that sun Shangxiang, Liu's wife, once sacrificed herself in the riverafter hearing the news of Liu Bei's death. When Xin Qiji, a patriotic poet ofthe Southern Song Dynasty, ascended the pavilion, he touched the scene withemotion, and wrote a famous article: "where to look at China, with a full viewof Beigu building.". The rise and fall of the ages are long. The Yangtze Riveris rolling. As a young man, the southeast war is not over. Who is the enemy ofthe heroes in the world, Cao Liu. Having children should be like sun Zhongmou."
各位游客：在游览了金山、焦山之后，下面我们将去“京口三山”之一的北固山。北固山位于镇江市东北江滨，居金山和焦山之间。高约53米，长2公里，北临长江，山壁陡峭，形势险因，因名“北固”，向以“天下江山”而著称于世。因山上甘露寺等寺庙院落都集中在北固山顶峰，所以北固山又有“寺冠山”之说。
北固山由前峰、中峰、后峰三部分组成，后峰是北固山的主峰，背临长江，峭壁如削，为风景之所。山上古迹大多与甘露寺“刘备招亲”有关。新中国成立后，中峰、后峰辟为后甘露寺公园，1986年更名为北固山公园。北固山风光壮丽，景色宜人，历代诗人墨客，如李白、苏武、米布、陆游、辛弃疾等都在此留下了千古传诵的名篇。
【凤凰池—试剑石】
各位游客：现在我们来到了北固山公园的大门。进入大门，我们在左侧看到的这一汪池水，叫做“凤凰他”，传说明太祖朱元璋曾临池召选儒生。古时他水经甘露港通江。池中的那座亭名叫“凤凰亭”。
在凤凰池右边，有一块平直一分为二的巨石，这就是“试剑石”，又名“恨石”。石为两块，高的一块约1.5米，矮的一块减半，中间都有裂缝，平整如削。石上“试剑石”3字清晰可辨。
说起试剑石，还有这么一段故事：相传孙刘联姻，弄假成真。有一天，孙权和刘备同游凤凰池，刘备见池边有一块巨石，即拨下随从身上的佩剑，仰天暗自默祷：“我若能顺利返回荆州，成霸主之业，剑下石裂；着死于此地，剁石不开。”手起剑落，只见火花飞溅，巨石应声而裂。孙权见此即问刘备：“你为何恨这块石头？”刘备假意地回答说：“我年近五十，不能为国清除贼党，心中异常愤慨。现蒙国太招我为婿，是我一生幸事。我向天门卦，如能破曹兴汉，就劈开这块石头，现果真如愿。”这时孙权暗想，“刘备莫非用此话来蒙骗我的？”也将宝剑拔出对刘备说：“我也来问问天意，如能彼得曹操，也将石头劈开。”暗中祈祷：“如能再取荆州，兴旺东吴，石头也裂为两半。”随即挥剑劈开另一块石头。两人暗暗自喜，于是就这样留下了两块试剑石。
其实，试剑石的形成来源于地质的演变：距今约一亿多年前的白垩纪时代，因火山爆发岩浆喷溢出地表而形成了火山岩，由于其质地坚硬，且多裂缝，再经风化剥蚀成为现今的形状，这些石头并非什么钢刀利剑能劈开。
【铁塔—阿倍仲麻吕诗碑】
各位游客：大家随我上山，在风景秀丽的北固山后峰东南，清晖亭旁，我们看到一座四层铁塔。铁塔又名“卫公塔”，是北固山的重要文物。它是我国仅存的六座铁塔之一，也是江苏省境内惟一的铁塔，为省级文物保护单位。
铁塔始建于唐朝定历元年（825年），是唐代润州刺史李德裕为“资穆皇（唐穆宗）之冥福”所建。后屡毁屡建，现塔为四层，一二层是宋代制品，三四层系明代所铸。现存的塔基（即莲花座）和塔身均有精美的图案，如云水纹、莲瓣双雀、游龙戏珠、佛像等，造型精美，生动逼真。铁塔为北固山增添了庄严瑰丽的色彩，显示了我国古代劳动人民冶铁技艺的高超。
各位从铁塔拾级向西走，前方有块《望月望乡》诗碑，碑上诗文系日本使臣阿倍仲麻吕（汉名晁衡）所作。他生于698年，卒于770年，自幼聪明好学，于717年被选为遣唐留学生，次年在日本第九次遣唐使多治比县守的率领下从大阪出发来华。晁衡在中国长安进唐太学读书，后考中进士，与唐代著名诗人王维、李白等交谊甚深。唐太宗对他的才华非常器重，先后任命他为唐王朝秘书监卫财卿、镇南都护等职。753年晁衡受命为唐使，与鉴真大师及日本使臣东渡，途中船泊扬子江畔，夜晚月光皎洁，晁衡思绪万千，想到36年未回故乡，欣然命笔，写下了著名五言诗《望月望乡》，诗中写道：“翘首望东天，神驰奈良边。三笠山顶上，想又皎月圆。”
晁行汉学造诣很深。他的《望月望乡》诗已收入《全唐诗》，在日本家喻户晓，广为传唱。此碑是1990年底建成的。诗碑上的日文碑文由日本书道院院长田中冻云执笔，中文碑文由中国书法家协会代主席沈鹏所书，著名书法家赵朴初为诗碑题写了碑额。
【“南徐净域”题额—“天下江山”石刻—古甘露寺】
由《望月望乡》碑西行不远，大家在一座圆拱门上看到了“南徐净域”题额。或许有的游客会问：此地为何称作“南徐净域”？相传西晋末年，北方混乱，东晋偏安江南，建都于建业（今南京）。当时北方人士纷纷南下，东晋为此设置了徐州，州治即在京口（今镇江）。至刘宋时，正式定名为南徐州，以后“南徐”一直为镇江的别名。
大家转过身，看看后面的廊壁上，一块长方形条石上刻着雄浑有力的“天下江山”六个大字，气魄非凡。相传在三国时，刘备来东吴招亲，孙权宴罢陪刘备观赏江景，刘备见北固山雄峙江滨，大江东去，一望无际，气势雄伟，不禁赞道：“北固山真乃天下江山！”后来南北朝时，梁武帝登北团山时，见北固山景色极为壮观，兴致勃勃地挥笔书写了一天下江山”六个大字，留在山上，可惜已无从寻找。到了南宋，润州（镇江）刺史、著名书法家吴据将这六个字重新书写出来。清康熙年间，由镇江府通判程康庄临摹勒石。从此，北固山就名正言顺地有了“天下江山”之称。
穿过“南徐净域”的门洞，我们就到达了建在北固山北峰之巅的甘露寺。甘露寺始建于东吴甘露年间（265—266年），故名“甘露寺”。寺额为张飞的亲笔。现在山上的甘露寺，是在唐代宝历年间由润州刺史李德裕所建，他为了纪念镇江曾作过东吴都城，使人们永远不会忘记三国鼎立的史实，故将三国时刘孙联盟的史迹、孙刘联姻的传说及遗物移上山来，从此，北固山便成为我国著名的历史胜境了。至今京剧中《甘露寺》（又名《龙凤呈祥》）这一传统剧目，已深入民间。因此，凡是来镇江的游客，都要到此一游，登北固山，访甘露寺，看看刘备结婚的大殿，联想孙尚香出嫁的往事，耐人寻味。
古甘露寺规模宏大，宋代有僧侣500多人。明、清是全盛时期，寺宇、殿堂、僧屋计有200多问。康熙、乾隆二帝曾在此建有行宫。甘露寺又是中国古代著名的古刹之一，其建筑特点与金山、焦山不同，采用了“以寺镇山”的手法，故有飞阁凌空之势，形成了“夺冠山”的特色。
【祭江亭】
我们穿过甘露寺，向西，就看到一座石柱方亭，就是祭江亭，古称北固亭，还有凌云亭、摩云亭、临江亭、江山亭、天下亭等名称。
凌云亭和摩云亭是因为该亭位于北固山的点，上接蓝天而得名。由于此亭建造在北固山的面江石壁之巅，故又名“临江亭”。相传三国时孙刘联姻后，夫人孙氏随刘备去荆州，又被孙权骗归强行留住江东。孙刘联盟破裂，彝陵大战，刘备兵败，夫人孙氏听到讹传刘备病死在白帝城，悲痛欲绝，便登上此亭，设奠望西遥祭后投江自尽，故此亭又名“祭江亭”。而“江山亭”相传是康有为在星夜登亭看到北固山的胜境后题写的。
此亭始建于明末崇祯年间，石柱上刻有槛联两副：“客心洗流水，荡胸生层云”；“此身不觉出飞鸟，垂手还堪钓巨鳌”。亭外有围墙、廊路，内设石桌、石凳。亭下石壁悬江，登亭放目，四周的水色山光尽收眼底，月夜景色更加迷人。南宋爱国词人辛弃疾登北固亭，见万里长江滚滚东去，即兴抒怀，借古讽今，谴责南宋统治者的昏庸苟安，不图收复中原失地，写下了对国家前途寄予殷切希望的《南乡子·登京口北固亭有怀》及《永遇乐·京回北固亭怀古》等流传千古的佳作。
【多景楼—狠石—溜马涧】
沿着祭江亭往前走，在甘露寺的背后，我们看到一座画梁飞檐楼阁，名叫“多景楼”。古名“北固楼”，又称“春秋楼”、“相婿楼”、“梳妆楼”。是古代“万里长江三大名楼”之一，与洞庭湖畔的“岳阳楼”、武汉市的“黄鹤楼”齐名。把它叫作“相婿楼”和“梳妆楼”，与刘备东吴招亲这个传说有关。据说刘备借得东吴的荆州后，没有归还之意，周瑜便定下了美人计，企图乘刘备过江之机，把刘备扣留起来作为人质，以夺取荆州。可是这一阴谋，却被足智多谋的诸葛亮所识破，就将计就计，派大将赵子龙陪刘备过江到镇江北固山甘露寺招亲，并授以锦囊妙计，策动乔国老来促使权母吴国大到甘露寺多景楼相婿。吴国太一见刘备“方面大耳，猿臂过膝”，“一副天子相”，甚合心意，大为喜悦，当即答应将女儿孙尚香嫁给刘备。
当日郡主孙尚香在楼上布置洞房，梳妆打扮，楼下列刀排枪保卫刘备。刘备一见胆战心惊，孙尚香见此情景，只好下令撤了刀枪，刘备才敢上楼进入洞房。以后，人们就把多景楼叫做“相婚楼”，或叫“梳妆楼”。这样，孙刘联姻便弄假成真，这便是民间流传很广的“周郎妙计安天下，赔了夫人又折兵”的故事。
其实，刘备招亲在多景楼与孙尚香相会是后人根据《三国演义》的故事添加上去的。多景楼创建于唐代，楼名取自李德裕《临江亭》“多景悬窗精”的诗句。多景楼为两层建筑，回廊四通，面面皆景。登上多景楼凭栏远眺，山光水色，奇景多姿，真有凌空飞翔之感。东面滔滔江流，一泻千里，青翠的焦山在万顷碧波之中缥缈；西边千峰万岭，山峦重叠，与碧空融为一体；近处的金山，由于背景鲜明，益发显得清丽；江对岸扬州的文峰塔隐约可见。当年陈毅元帅登临多景楼时曾感慨地说：“不要看画了，这里就是万里长江画卷！”
沿着多景楼下山向西，我们可以看到一块形似伏羊，大小与真羊相仿，无角的石头，左侧腹部刻有“狠石”二字，狠石又名“石羊”。相传孙权曾骑在狠石背上和刘备共商破曹大计，定下了赤壁之战的妙计。而现在我们见到的狠石，是清光绪十六年（1890年），从镇江市碌碌巷（今绿竹巷）南荒场路口移来，经石匠加工雕制而成的一只无角伏羊。
由根石下山，山下石壁上刻着红色“溜马涧”三个大字。溜马涧位于北固山后峰后测的峭壁上，两面云崖夹峙，中通一线小径，地形非常险峻，又名“走马涧”、“跑马坡”、“跑马坡”。相传这里是孙权与刘备在此赛马比能争胜的地方。据说，一天刘备与孙权在甘露寺中饮酒，只见江风浩荡，白浪滔天，波峰上有一只小船，舟人驾驶自如，如登平地，刘备不禁赞叹道：“南人善驾舟，北人善骑马，信之有也。”孙权听了此话自思道：“刘备莫非是嘲笑我不会骑马？”就命左右牵过马来，飞身上马，驰骋下山，又加鞭回到岭上来，对刘备说：“难道南人真不会骑马？”刘备听了便敞衣上马，飞奔下山，又回上山来。两个人将马停在山坡上，扬鞭大笑。后人就将此称为“溜马涧”、“走马涧”、“驻马坡”。在其悬崖石壁上有明代所刻“勒马”二字。
各位游客：北固山的主要景观我们都已欣赏到了，回顾我们刚才走过的景点，这里的寺庙、楼阁、山石、草木仿佛都凝聚了历史的瞬间。往事成过去，青山依旧在，但愿北固山的游览能让您得到历史的启迪，美好的观感！
Beigu mountain is one of the three famous scenic spots in Zhenjiang. Itoverlooks Beigu from afar, sleeps the river horizontally, and has steep stonewalls, so it is named Beigu mountain. During the Three Kingdoms period, thestory of "Ganlu Temple Liu Bei recruiting relatives" took place in Beigumountain. Beigu mountain, famous for its precipitousness, is famous for thestory of the Three Kingdoms. The pavilions and pavilions on the mountain, aswell as the stone streams on the mountain, are all related to historical legendssuch as the marriage of sun and Liu in the Three Kingdoms period, and become aplace for tourists to look for the relics of the Three Kingdoms. In thesoutheast of Beigu mountain, there is a four story iron tower beside QinghuiPavilion. The iron tower, also known as "Weigong tower", is an importantcultural relic of Beigu mountain. It is one of the six remaining iron towers inChina and the only one in Jiangsu Province. It is a provincial-level culturalrelic protection unit. There is Ganlu temple on the top of Beigu mountain. Ganlutemple was built in the reign of Ganlu in the eastern Wu Dynasty (265-266), soit is called "Ganlu Temple".
The temple forehead was written by Zhang Fei himself. The Ganlu temple onthe mountain was built by Li Deyu, the governor of Runzhou, in the Baoli periodof Tang Dynasty. In order to commemorate Zhenjiang as the capital of the easternWu Dynasty, people will never forget the historical facts of the Three Kingdoms,so they moved the historical relics of the alliance of Liu and sun, the legendof the marriage of sun and Liu, and the relics to the mountain. Since then,Beigu mountain has become a famous historical scenic spot in China. Through theGanlu temple, to the west, there is a square pavilion with stone pillars, whichis called Beigu Pavilion in ancient times. There are Lingyun Pavilion, MoyunPavilion, Linjiang Pavilion, Jiangshan first Pavilion, and the world's firstPavilion. The best tourism time is Zhenjiang, which is located in the southwestof Jiangsu Province, on the South Bank of the lower reaches of the YangtzeRiver. There are many rivers and hilly areas in Zhenjiang, with complexgeographical conditions; At the same time, Zhenjiang has monsoon climate withfour distinct seasons, high temperature in summer, humid and rainy, dry and coldin winter.
In 1205 A.D., Xin Qiji, a great poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, ascendedBeigu mountain to observe the scenery and express his feelings. During the ThreeKingdoms period, Liu Bei came to Ganlu temple to recruit relatives. When he sawBeigu mountain standing on the riverside, the water and sky were open, and thescenery was magnificent, he couldn't help exclaiming: "this is the best Riverand mountain in the world.". The story of sun Liu's marriage has been handeddown for thousands of years. Whether it is handed down by people or famous bypeople, the story of sun Liu's marriage has left a deep impression in Beigumountain.
At the end of winter and the end of spring, I once again set foot on theway to and from Chu and Wu. Now it is dusk, and my boat is sailing on Jiangdong.I stood up and looked at the beautiful place I had passed several times. A touchof sunset reddened the thin clouds. The river reflected the beautiful scenery ofJiangbei Gushan in Jiangsu town. A gentle breeze swept over the lake, ripplinglayers of microwaves. I told the boatman to dock here and leave the next day.The boatman did the same.
I sat back again, holding my glass and enjoying the euphemistic night. Idon't know when I fell asleep. Maybe I've been immersed in the beautifulscenery
In the early morning, I was woken up by the sound of rowing. I looked atthe rising sun with mist in my eyes. A thin layer of fog on the river made thedistant green mountains flicker. "The mountains are so far away!" I can't helpsighing! Really, I can't even see the black and blue, and the end of my journeymay still be on the other side of the mountain. The reflection of the mountainis very long. The boat is driving quietly on the emerald green river, as ifafraid of waking up. The sun shines on the lake, and everything turns fiery red.The scene became so fast that there was no time for people to remember it, sothe next scene appeared again. The fish in the water also showed their headscuriously, trying to understand
The tide is slowly rising, making the original flat river more vast Ah, nowon the river, I am alone. I paced to the bow of the boat, and the river wasbeating the boat at a constant speed. Looking at the broad river, looking at thered sky, in my heart there is a feeling that the sea is broad with fish, and thesky is high with birds flying. The sails were full in the breeze. The boatpushed on. The songs of birds and insects near the ears are high, low, slow andurgent. Lie down on your back and enjoy what nature has brought me
So I spent the night again
The night on the river is very cold, and it's the night of the old winterand the new spring. I was awakened by the cold. I went back to the cabin and gotthe quilt. I lay on my back in the bow of the boat and looked up. In the coldblack night sky, there was an incomplete crescent moon. This crescent moon makesme familiar and strange. I remember that at this time of last year, thisincomplete crescent moon seemed to accompany me through another waterway. It wasmore desolate than last year. This feeling was very strange. I always felt thatthe moon and I were a family, ha ha!!
So I mixed with all kinds of complex emotions through the cold night, onceagain, ushered in the dawn, but the moon is still hanging half of the sky.Everything that happened last night is in front of us. Looking at the newbornsun, I can't help but feel the sad darkness in my heart. Then there is the warmdawn. A sense of hope arises spontaneously in my heart. Suddenly, I think of thecoming new year, the old mother, wife and children, the cattle and black dog,and the family reunion and mutual respect in the past years Ah
Now I'm alone and can't be reunited with my family. I feel sad. But when Ithink that I'm busy for my country, I feel sad. I wrote a letter from home onboard. So far, I have written several letters, but I don't know how to send themback to my hometown. Geese just go back to the north, I put a little bit ofemotion in the letter on geese, hope geese can send back my emotion In the backof the letter I couldn't send out, I filled in another sentence: "my son isaway. I hope my mother won't be afraid that my son won't come back. Geese flyingsouth, home in the north, I will return soon after my long journey
With tears in my eyes, the boatman holds the oar and moves closer to thedistant country. I suddenly recited the poem that I had been brewing for a longtime in my heart, "outside the green mountains, before sailing on the greenwater. The tide is flat, the banks are wide, and the wind is blowing. The Seagrows day and night, and the river springs into the old year. Where can thelocal books be reached, they will return to Luoyang. "
在这个冬尽春来的季节，我又一次踏上楚吴往返的路上，现在正是黄昏，我的船只驶在江东之上。我惬意的站了起来望着我已走过数次的美景之地。一抹夕阳染红了稀云，江上倒映着江苏镇江北固山的美景，徐徐微风掠过湖面，漾起层层微波。我告诉船家，把船只停泊与此，次日再走。船家照做。
我又坐了回去，握着酒杯，欣赏这环绕且看不够的委婉夜色。我不知是何时睡着的，可能我早已沉醉于美景之中了吧……
清晨，我被船家摇橹的声音吵醒，睡眼朦胧地望了望被薄雾笼罩着东升的旭日，江面上一层淡雾使远处的青山忽隐忽现，“山好似那样的遥远呵!”我不禁感叹!真的，现在甚至看不清那本有的青黑色，而我路途终点可能还在山那边的那边。山的倒影拉的好长好长，这叶小舟静悄悄地在翠绿色的江面上行驶，好像生怕把什么惊醒一样。朝阳映照着湖面，一切都成了火红色。这景色变得太快太快，来不及让人回味，就又映出下一幕了水里的鱼儿也好奇地把头露了出来，想瞧个明白……
潮水正在慢慢上涨，使原平坦的江面显得更加辽阔……哎，现在江水之上，只独有我这一叶孤舟。我踱步来到了船头，江水正在匀速地拍打着船身。看着这宽广的江面，望着那映红的天空，在心头有一种海阔凭鱼跃，天高任鸟飞之感。微风吹来，船帆满起。小舟奋力向前驶去。耳旁鸟、虫的鸣叫时高时低，时缓时急。平躺下来尽情享受大自然带给我的一切……
就这样又一次度过一夜……
江上夜晚很冷，而且又是旧冬新春的夜晚，我被冻醒了，回到船舱取来了棉被，仰卧在船头，抬头望，在冷凄的黑色夜空，挂着一轮不完整的弯月。这轮弯月使我既熟悉又有些陌生，我记得在去年这个时候，这轮不完整的弯月好像也是陪我走过另一条水路，它比去年更显凄凉，?这种感觉很怪，总是感觉我和月亮是一家人，呵呵!!
就这样我夹杂着各种各样复杂的情绪度过寒冷的一夜，又一次，迎来了黎明的曙光但月亮仍还在天空挂了半边。昨晚的一切都显现在眼前。再看看那初生的太阳，心中不禁感到悲凉的黑暗过后便是温暖的黎明，一种希望之感在心中油然而生。突然想起新年将至，想起家中老母、妻儿，想起家中黄牛、黑狗，想起往年此时已全家团圆、互敬祝福，那美满温馨的画面……哎……
现在自己孤身在外，不能与亲人团聚，心中不免有些悲伤，但一想到自己正为国家而奔波、忙碌，悲伤之感也就渐渐淡下。我在船上执笔写了一封家书。到现在为止家书我已写了好几封了，只是不知现在怎样寄回给家乡。大雁正好北归，我把书信中的点点情感寄托在大雁身上，希望大雁能把我这种情感寄回去……我在寄不出去的家书后面又着墨填了一笔“儿远行在外，望母勿恐儿不归。大雁南飞家在北，儿我远行不久归。”……
我含着泪，船家握着橹，向着遥远的国都靠拢。我突然将我内心酝酿很久的小诗诵了出来“客路青山外，行舟绿水前。潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬。海日生残夜，江春入旧年。乡书何处达，归雁洛阳边。”
北固山位于江苏镇江，由于北临长江，形势险固，故名北固，高55.2[1]米，长约200米。山壁陡峭，形势险固，南朝梁武帝曾题书”天下第一江山”来赞其形胜。甘露寺，雄居山巅，建于东吴甘露年间，有许多有关三国时代吴国的传说和遗迹。游人至此，不由要以刘备招亲的故事为线索去寻找有关胜迹和传说。北固山与金山、焦山成犄角之势，三山鼎立，在控楚负吴方面北固山更显出雄壮险要。明代郡守为了抗倭守城，将前峰与中峰凿断。
北固山由前峰 、中峰和后峰三部分组成，主峰即后峰，是风景最佳处。前峰原为东吴古宫殿遗址，现已辟为镇江烈士陵园;中峰上原有气象楼，现改为国画馆;后峰为北固山主峰，北临扬子江(长江)，三面悬崖，地势险峻，山上到处都是树木，名胜古迹多在其上。素以“天下第一江山”闻名于世。后峰是北固山的主峰，背临长江，枕于水上，峭壁如削，是风景最佳的地方。登上山顶，东看焦山，西望金山，隔江相望，扬州平山堂清晰可见，确使人感到“金焦两山小，吴楚一江分。”过去曾有一名人作打油诗一首：“长江好似砚池波，提起金焦当墨磨，铁塔一支堪作笔，青天够写几行多”，以此赞美北固山的壮丽景色。
从北固山中峰南麓登山，过气象台，沿山脊北行至清晖亭。亭东有一座铁塔，此塔系唐卫公李德裕于宝历元年(820xx年)所建，故又名卫公塔。原为石塔，后毁。北宋元丰元年(1078年)，改建成九级铁塔，平面，八角形。明代重修改为七级，高约13米。后经海啸、雷击、战火等劫难，至1949年仅存塔座两层。现经修整为四层，约8米高，塔基及一、二层为宋代原物，三、四层为原塔的五、六层，系明代所铸。现存的塔基及塔身均有精美图案，造型别致，生动逼真。
自清晖亭往北，在甘露寺东侧山坡的墙壁上，嵌有一块条石，上镌“天下第一江山”六个大字，相传为梁武帝所书。条石对面通往甘露寺的拱门上，镌有“南徐净域”题额。东晋时改镇江为徐州，故名“南徐”。
穿过拱门，即抵北峰之巅的甘露寺。相传这里是刘备招亲之处，京剧《龙凤呈祥》即以此为背景。其实古甘露寺建于梁代，原在山下，至唐李德裕始改建于山上。寺内有大殿、老君殿、观音殿和江声阁等建筑，形成了“寺冠山”的特色。据说明清时为其全盛时期，康熙、乾隆二帝曾在此建过行宫，留有御碑，是我国古代著名的古刹之一。传为孙、刘并肩赛马的“溜马涧”。甘露寺后面的多景楼，是北固山风景的最佳处。此楼二层，面对大江，楼名取自唐李德裕诗句“多景悬窗牖”，为古代长江三大名楼之一;与黄鹤楼、岳阳楼齐名。米芾所书“天下江山第一楼”的匾额，高悬在楼额之上。宋元以来，历代文人名士，达官显贵，在此诗酒唱和，欧阳修、苏轼、米芾、辛弃疾和陆游等，都曾留下许多著名的诗作。登上多景楼，凭栏远眺，山光水色，奇景异姿，尽入眼帘。
多景楼之东的凌云亭，又称祭江亭，传说刘夫人孙尚香在听到刘备去世的消息后，曾在此遥祭，而后投江自尽。南宋爱国词人辛弃疾登此亭时，触景生情，感慨系之，写下了名篇：“何处望神州,满眼风光北固楼。千古兴亡多少事,悠悠。不尽长江滚滚流。 年少万兜鍪,坐断东南战未休。天下英雄谁敌手,曹刘。生子当如孙仲谋。”
由于刘备招亲的种种传说，今天的北固山已成为到镇江旅游的朋友们不可不到的一个热门景点。
北固山位于江苏镇江，由于北临长江，形势险固，故名北固，高55.2[1]米，长约200米。山壁陡峭，形势险固，南朝梁武帝曾题书”天下第一江山”来赞其形胜。甘露寺，雄居山巅，建于东吴甘露年间，有许多有关三国时代吴国的传说和遗迹。游人至此，不由要以刘备招亲的故事为线索去寻找有关胜迹和传说。北固山与金山、焦山成犄角之势，三山鼎立，在控楚负吴方面北固山更显出雄壮险要。明代郡守为了抗倭守城，将前峰与中峰凿断。
北固山由前峰 、中峰和后峰三部分组成，主峰即后峰，是风景最佳处。前峰原为东吴古宫殿遗址，现已辟为镇江烈士陵园;中峰上原有气象楼，现改为国画馆;后峰为北固山主峰，北临扬子江(长江)，三面悬崖，地势险峻，山上到处都是树木，名胜古迹多在其上。素以“天下第一江山”闻名于世。后峰是北固山的主峰，背临长江，枕于水上，峭壁如削，是风景最佳的地方。登上山顶，东看焦山，西望金山，隔江相望，扬州平山堂清晰可见，确使人感到“金焦两山小，吴楚一江分。”过去曾有一名人作打油诗一首：“长江好似砚池波，提起金焦当墨磨，铁塔一支堪作笔，青天够写几行多”，以此赞美北固山的壮丽景色。
从北固山中峰南麓登山，过气象台，沿山脊北行至清晖亭。亭东有一座铁塔，此塔系唐卫公李德裕于宝历元年(820xx年)所建，故又名卫公塔。原为石塔，后毁。北宋元丰元年(1078年)，改建成九级铁塔，平面，八角形。明代重修改为七级，高约13米。后经海啸、雷击、战火等劫难，至1949年仅存塔座两层。现经修整为四层，约8米高，塔基及一、二层为宋代原物，三、四层为原塔的五、六层，系明代所铸。现存的塔基及塔身均有精美图案，造型别致，生动逼真。
自清晖亭往北，在甘露寺东侧山坡的墙壁上，嵌有一块条石，上镌“天下第一江山”六个大字，相传为梁武帝所书。条石对面通往甘露寺的拱门上，镌有“南徐净域”题额。东晋时改镇江为徐州，故名“南徐”。
穿过拱门，即抵北峰之巅的甘露寺。相传这里是刘备招亲之处，京剧《龙凤呈祥》即以此为背景。其实古甘露寺建于梁代，原在山下，至唐李德裕始改建于山上。寺内有大殿、老君殿、观音殿和江声阁等建筑，形成了“寺冠山”的特色。据说明清时为其全盛时期，康熙、乾隆二帝曾在此建过行宫，留有御碑，是我国古代著名的古刹之一。传为孙、刘并肩赛马的“溜马涧”。甘露寺后面的多景楼，是北固山风景的最佳处。此楼二层，面对大江，楼名取自唐李德裕诗句“多景悬窗牖”，为古代长江三大名楼之一;与黄鹤楼、岳阳楼齐名。米芾所书“天下江山第一楼”的匾额，高悬在楼额之上。宋元以来，历代文人名士，达官显贵，在此诗酒唱和，欧阳修、苏轼、米芾、辛弃疾和陆游等，都曾留下许多著名的诗作。登上多景楼，凭栏远眺，山光水色，奇景异姿，尽入眼帘。
多景楼之东的凌云亭，又称祭江亭，传说刘夫人孙尚香在听到刘备去世的消息后，曾在此遥祭，而后投江自尽。南宋爱国词人辛弃疾登此亭时，触景生情，感慨系之，写下了名篇：“何处望神州,满眼风光北固楼。千古兴亡多少事,悠悠。不尽长江滚滚流。 年少万兜鍪,坐断东南战未休。天下英雄谁敌手,曹刘。生子当如孙仲谋。”
由于刘备招亲的种种传说，今天的北固山已成为到镇江旅游的朋友们不可不到的一个热门景点。
Zhenjiang has jurisdiction over Danyang, Jurong and Yangzhong county-levelcities and Dantu, Jingkou and Runzhou districts, with a total area of 3843square kilometers and a population of 2.9 million. It is a national famoushistorical and cultural city, an excellent tourist city in China, a nationalhealth city and a national model city of double support.
Zhenjiang is located in a fortress with a long history. In the past, it wasa must for military strategists. Now and in the future, it is a must forbusinessmen. Zhenjiang has a long history of more than 3000 years. Zhenjiang hasa beautiful environment, with mountains and water, and real mountains and water.The natural endowment of the city is unique. It is known as "the first river andmountain in the world" and "City mountain forest". In addition to Jinshan,Jiaoshan, Beigu mountain, Nanshan, Maoshan and Baohua mountain, gudu street inXijin, the former site of Mengxi garden, the first spring in the world andFurong tower are also well-known. Jiaoshan stele forest and stone carvings ofthe Six Dynasties are all national treasures. Zhenjiang is a land and water hubwith convenient transportation. Located at the confluence of the Yangtze Riverand the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal, there are 85 kilometers of deep watershoreline of the Yangtze River, and 139 berths have been built in five portareas, including 19 berths with 10000 tons of deep water, with an annualthroughput of 28 million tons. Zhenjiang port is one of the top ten ports inChina and the third largest port in the Yangtze River. Shanghai Nanjing railwayruns through the East and West, and Shanghai Nanjing Expressway, 312 nationalhighway, 104 National Highway and southern Jiangsu highway network run throughthe whole territory. The Shanghai Nanjing high speed railway to be built and theRunyang Bridge under construction will make Zhenjiang's location advantage moreobvious. Zhenjiang has a rich cultural heritage. In history, many of the eightgreat masters of Tang and Song Dynasties left famous works in Zhenjiang. Somegreat works, such as MengXiBiTan and Wenxindiaolong, were written inZhenjiang.
Since the reform and opening up, Zhenjiang's economy has developed rapidlyand entered the "Southern Jiangsu economic plate" at the end of 20__. In 20__,"four breakthroughs" were achieved. The GDP of the city exceeded 50 billionyuan, reaching 50.52 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP was 18946 yuan;
The utilization of foreign capital under the agreement exceeded US $1billion, reaching US $1.08 billion. A large number of large foreign projectshave settled in Zhenjiang, and 11 of the world's top 500 enterprises have set upenterprises in Zhenjiang. The city has initially formed four pillar industriesof chemical industry, papermaking, aluminum industry and building materials.There are major anchor chain production bases in the world, the largestpapermaking base and engineering plastics production base in Asia, and importantacetic acid and cans production bases in China. Hengshun vinegar is famous athome and abroad.
During the Tenth Five Year Plan period, Zhenjiang will be built into afamous city in the south of the Yangtze River, which is fresh and beautiful,full of aura and vitality. The urban area is 100 square kilometers with apopulation of 1 million. It highlights the unique urban personality of "urbanlandscape of mountains, forests and rivers", forms the urban landscape of"mountains, dew, green and blue", and strides forward to the goal of modernecological city, making Zhenjiang the most suitable city for human settlementand entrepreneurship.
Zhenjiang, rich and unique natural landscape, scattered cultural relics,rich and long history and prosperous economic environment, provides uniqueresources and products for the development of tourism. Scenic Spot Tourism: thescenic spots in Zhenjiang embody the communication and harmony between natureand humanity, landscape and culture. The uncanny workmanship of nature hascreated "the hero of Jinshan, the beauty of Jiaoshan, the danger of Beigu andthe seclusion of Nanshan". It is especially famous for its complete landscape of"rivers, mountains, temples, caves, springs and forests". It has formed anexcellent scenic spot system. There are two national AAAA scenic spots, threeprovincial scenic spots, two national forest parks and one provincial naturereserve. "Jiaoshan sixteen scenery", such as Huayan moonlight, Jijiang view ofthe sun, Jingjiang sunset and so on, has been famous since ancient times.Nanshan mountains are full of emerald mountains, quiet and secluded. The "mistyrain in the crane forest" and "red leaves for hermits" are more distinctive.Baohua mountain has "the beauty of forest foothills, the beauty of peaks andhills, the depth of caves and gullies, and the beauty of smoke."
Xia Zhisheng "four wonders. The wisdom of our ancestors more than 3000years ago has created the exquisite characteristics of "temple wrapped mountain"in Jinshan, "mountain wrapped Temple" in Jiaoshan and "temple crown mountain" inBeigu mountain, which can be called the architectural art treasure in the southof the Yangtze River. These are not only the basis of landscape culture tourism,but also the essence of tourism resources in our city. Human landscape tourism:Zhenjiang has a history of more than 3000 years since it became a suitablefeudal land in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Because Zhenjiang controlled Wu anddefeated Chu, the river was broad, the mountain was dangerous, and the terrainwas dangerous, so it was always a place for military strategists. Sun Quan ofthe eastern Wu Dynasty once moved his capital here to build an iron urn, whichmade Zhenjiang one of the famous cities of the Three Kingdoms and one of thebirthplaces of Wu culture, especially the culture of the Six Dynasties. Inancient Zhenjiang, there were three emperors in the Southern Dynasties of song,Qi and Liang, and some world shaking works, such as Wen Xin Diao Long, selectedworks of Zhao Ming and Meng Xi Bi tan. Cultural relics and historic sites arescattered all over the city. There are three national cultural protection units,122 provincial and municipal cultural protection units, and countless handeddown treasures and unearthed cultural relics. It is known as the "state ofcultural relics". Jiaoshan stele forest is known as "the first stele forest inJiangnan". The stone carvings of the tombs of the Southern Dynasties in Danyangare also the key cultural protection units of the state. The giant stonecarvings are magnificent in shape and upright in posture, representing thesolid, strong, majestic and elegant style of the stone carvings of the SouthernDynasties. Especially in gudu street of Xijin, which is known as "a naturalmuseum", there are many cultural relics and buildings that are "rare" and "rare"at home and abroad, and the artistic value is amazing. The former BritishConsulate in Zhenjiang, the national cultural protection unit, has exquisitespatial layout and rigorous and beautiful structure. Zhaoguan stone pagoda isthe only existing Lama style stone pagoda in Jiangnan and even in China. With aninvestment of 16 million yuan, the Wanfo pagoda of Dinghui temple in Jiaoshancan be regarded as a treasure in the history of Buddhist architecture, paintingand sculpture. Its completion has made Zhenjiang city form a pattern of "steelconcrete Pagoda in the East (Jiaoshan Wanfo pagoda), wooden pagoda in the West(Jinshan cishou pagoda), brick Pagoda in the South (Baotashan Sangha pagoda),iron tower in the North (Beigushan pagoda), and stone pagoda in the middle(xijindu Zhaoguan pagoda)". Many cultural relics and historic sites are therecords and crystallization of our city's history, which are of greatarchaeological value, historical value and ornamental value.
Religious culture tourism: Zhenjiang has a long history of religiousculture. In ancient times, there were eight famous temples with strong incenseand many eminent monks. Jinshan Jiangtian temple, a thousand year old temple, isthe first place of Shuilu Daochang, which has become a holy land of Buddhism. Inthe heyday of Jiaoshan, there were 15 temples. Not long ago, Mingshan, the abbotof Dinghui temple, was one of the top ten monks in China. He has profoundBuddhism and a high religious status in the Chinese world. Baohua mountain is"the first mountain in the law". It is the largest preaching place in Chinaduring the Ming and Qing Dynasties. More than 70% of the monks in the countryreceived precepts here. Maoshan Taoist temple is known as "the first blessedplace and the eighth cave". Every time it comes to the fragrant season, thereare 300000 or 400000 pilgrims on the mountain. Every year, monks and nuns fromall over the country and even many Southeast Asian countries come to worshipBuddha in Baohua mountain. 20__: Zhenjiang tour guide qualification examination,Zhenjiang tour guide qualification certificate examination, Zhenjiang tour guideexamination, Zhenjiang tour guide qualification examination, registration timeof Zhenjiang tour guide qualification examination, Zhenjiang tour guidequalification examination textbook, Zhenjiang tour guide, Zhenjiang tour guidecertificate, how to test Zhenjiang tour guide certificate, Zhenjiang tour guidecertificate, Zhenjiang Foreign Language tour guide examination, Zhenjiang tourguide Travel words, Zhenjiang City tour guide examination training, ZhenjiangCity tour guide qualification examination, Zhenjiang City tour guide examinationregistration, Zhenjiang City tour guide examination practice, myth and legendTourism: Jinshan is known as the "myth mountain", there is a well-known myth andlegend of the white lady fighting the sea "flooding Jinshan Temple". In journeyto the west, Tang Monk Xuanzang (Jiang liu'er) drifted to Zhenjiang and wasrescued by the abbot of mengjinshan temple. Zhenjiang is not only a militaryimportant place, but also a famous city with mountains and rivers. Therefore,the historical anecdotes of emperors, generals and scholars are particularlyrich. Liu Bei's Ganlu Temple recruitment, Song Jiang's wisdom in winning Runzhoucity (Zhenjiang was once known as Runzhou), Han Shizhong's defeat of Jin Wushu,and Liang Hongyu's drumming battle in Jinshan are also well known to women andchildren. In particular, Beigu mountain, with its pavilions, rocks and streams,is related to the historical legend of the marriage of sun and Liu during theThree Kingdoms period. It has become a place for tourists to visit the relics ofthe Three Kingdoms. Now, Maoshan has a new scene of "the number one statue ofLao Tzu in the world", plus "the arrival of bees"
The three wonders of "setting off firecrackers, listening to bugles" and"strange slope" have put a strong mysterious color on Maoshan and attracted moreand more tourists. There are also many legends about literati, such as Li Bai,Su Dongpo, Mi Fu, Xin Qiji, Lu You, Zheng Banqiao and so on. There are manyinteresting stories left by Qianlong's visit to Jiangnan, which add endlesscharm to tourism. Industrial and agricultural civilization tourism: Zhenjiang isthe largest anchor chain production base in the world, the largest PS and ABSmonomer production base in Asia, the largest acetic acid and cans productionbase in China, and will become the largest paper making base with world advancedlevel in Asia. Yangzhong City under the jurisdiction of Zhenjiang is known asthe "pearl in the river", and is a national ecological demonstration area. Xinbatown of Yangzhong City has become a tourism town with new agriculture, modernagricultural residence and township industry characteristics; Longshan Villageof Dantu County is an internationally famous eel king, a tourism village witheel industry, leisure and vacation characteristics; Jiepai Town of Danyang Cityis a new model small town in Jiangsu Province. It has the largest automobilelamp city and lamp production enterprise in China. It is a tourism town withindustry and trade characteristics. After completion, Runyang Bridge will becomethe longest span and most magnificent cable-stayed bridge in China. All thesehave laid a good foundation for the city to open up modern tourism projects suchas bridge landscape tourism and emerging industrial and agricultural tourism.Zhenjiang is also included in the two golden tourism routes of "beautifulJiangnan Tour" and "canal, ancient town and garden tour" by Jiangsu ProvincialTourism Administration
北固山，镇江三山名胜之一，远眺北固，横枕大江，石壁嵯峨，山势险固，因此得名北固山。三国时“甘露寺刘备招亲”的故事就发生在北固山。以险峻著称的北固山，因三国故事而名扬千古。山上亭台楼阁、山石涧道，无不与三国时期孙刘联姻等历史传说有关，成为游人寻访三国遗迹的向往之地。 风景名胜北固山后峰东南，清晖亭旁，有一座四层铁塔。铁塔又名“卫公塔”，是北固山的重要文物。它是我国仅存的六座铁塔之一，也是江苏省境内惟一的铁塔，为省级文物保护单位。北固山北峰之巅有甘露寺。甘露寺始建于东吴甘露年间(265—266年)，故名“甘露寺”。
寺额为张飞的亲笔。现在山上的甘露寺，是在唐代宝历年间由润州刺史李德裕所建，他为了纪念镇江曾作过东吴都城，使人们永远不会忘记三国鼎立的史实，故将三国时刘孙联盟的史迹、孙刘联姻的传说及遗物移上山来，从此，北固山便成为我国著名的历史胜境了。穿过甘露寺，向西，有一座石柱方亭，就是祭江亭，古称北固亭，还有凌云亭、摩云亭、临江亭、江山第一亭、天下第一亭等名称最佳旅游时间镇江地处江苏西南部，长江下游南岸，境内多河流和丘陵山区，地理条件复杂;同时，镇江为季风气候，四季分明，夏季气温较高，潮湿多雨，冬季干燥寒冷。
历史文化公元1220xx年，南宋大诗人，辛弃疾登上北固山，观景抒怀留下的千古绝唱。三国时，刘备来甘露寺招亲，当他看到北固山雄峙江滨，水天开阔，风景壮美，不禁赞叹道：“此乃天下第一江山也”。孙刘联姻往事千年，不论是人以物传世，还是物以人扬名，孙刘联姻的故事在北固山留下了浓墨重彩。
北固山，镇江三山名胜之一，远眺北固，横枕大江，石壁嵯峨，山势险固，因此得名北固山。三国时“甘露寺刘备招亲”的故事就发生在北固山。以险峻著称的北固山，因三国故事而名扬千古。山上亭台楼阁、山石涧道，无不与三国时期孙刘联姻等历史传说有关，成为游人寻访三国遗迹的向往之地。 风景名胜北固山后峰东南，清晖亭旁，有一座四层铁塔。铁塔又名“卫公塔”，是北固山的重要文物。它是我国仅存的六座铁塔之一，也是江苏省境内惟一的铁塔，为省级文物保护单位。北固山北峰之巅有甘露寺。甘露寺始建于东吴甘露年间(265—266年)，故名“甘露寺”。
寺额为张飞的亲笔。现在山上的甘露寺，是在唐代宝历年间由润州刺史李德裕所建，他为了纪念镇江曾作过东吴都城，使人们永远不会忘记三国鼎立的史实，故将三国时刘孙联盟的史迹、孙刘联姻的传说及遗物移上山来，从此，北固山便成为我国著名的历史胜境了。穿过甘露寺，向西，有一座石柱方亭，就是祭江亭，古称北固亭，还有凌云亭、摩云亭、临江亭、江山第一亭、天下第一亭等名称最佳旅游时间镇江地处江苏西南部，长江下游南岸，境内多河流和丘陵山区，地理条件复杂;同时，镇江为季风气候，四季分明，夏季气温较高，潮湿多雨，冬季干燥寒冷。
历史文化公元1220xx年，南宋大诗人，辛弃疾登上北固山，观景抒怀留下的千古绝唱。三国时，刘备来甘露寺招亲，当他看到北固山雄峙江滨，水天开阔，风景壮美，不禁赞叹道：“此乃天下第一江山也”。孙刘联姻往事千年，不论是人以物传世，还是物以人扬名，孙刘联姻的故事在北固山留下了浓墨重彩。